Geografie 1975, 80, 270-280
Development of Czechoslovak Industry and Its Structural Changes
The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic is besides the Soviet Union and the German Democratic Republic the most industrial socialistic state. With respect to its share on the value of the industrial production on inhabitant, it belongs with its 1.5 % among the most industrial states of the world. The dynamism of growth of the industrial production is - in comparison to the developed capitalistical states - the double. In one month and a half, the socialist Czechoslovakia produces as much as the pre-war republic during the whole year. The industrial production shares more than by 60 % on the social production and the national income. The industry is approximatively for 2/5 of all inhabitants economically interesting. Owing to nationalization, ČSSR has overcome all post-war difficulties and it succeeded in restoring its economy which has been destroyed by the war, in spite of the damages, as early as in the year 1948. The war-damages were equal to the national income in the years 1930-1938. The planned economy has reached the ninefold in spite of the embargo of the capitalistical states. During the last 30 years, far-reaching structural changes in the economy and especially in the industry have been reached. The principal branch of industry in the pre-war Czechoslovakia was the machine industry, iron-mongery, chemical industry, the industry of fuel and energetics and building material. (The machine-industry shared in 30 % on the industrial production and in one half on the export.) The volume of the machine-industry production has been increased 18times, the chemical industry 21times. The production has been concentrated from 340 000 pre-war industrial units in 17 300 post-war factories. Far-reaching changes, concerning directly the body of the production, have influenced all branches of the production. Besides the above-metioned branches having a sort of preference, all branches of consume and food industry have been changed considerably, especially in the last 10-15 years. The volume of production of these branches has increased on an average four- and even sixtimes. On the extensive structural changes, the whole rationalization of the Czechoslovak industry has a share, its concentration and specialization both of the territory and the production in the frame of the socialistic integration.
